Kulvir Singh Gill still remembers the day he come home from school and saw his parents crying in front of the television screen.
“I was only 7 and remember coming home from school and entering the house and just seeing my entire family, grandparents, uncle and aunts, glued to the TV, crying.”
The day was June 4, 1984. The Indian army had just invaded and attacked the Harminder Sahib, otherwise known as the Golden Temple, in a vicious three-day assault on Sikhism’s holiest shrine in what is now called the “darkest chapter in Sikh and Indian history.”
Gill, 32, now a Brampton resident and one of the founders of Sikhs Serving Canada, understood even as a child the horror of the days that followed.
“It was the most painful, traumatic, tragic days in the life of any Sikh in the world at the time. People look on that day with as much pain as they would with death of their family members.”
Twenty-five years ago this week the Indian army invaded the Golden Temple following a plan known as ‘Operation Bluestar’ to extract Sikh militants who had garrisoned themselves within rooms of the temple. Indian Government officials said their goal was to capture terrorists who had turned the prayer halls and adjacent buildings into an armed fortress after years of deadly conflicts with militant Sikh leaders in the country.
The attack, which began in the early hours of June 4 and lasted several days, included invasions in 42 other Sikh Gurudwaras (temples) and killed up to 2,000, including soldiers, visitors and temple workers and women and children, though no official death toll was ever released.
“In Canada, we were crying as a community. It didn’t matter how religious you were, or how often you prayed. All the divisions within the community were erased, and that day, it felt like the heart of the Sikhs had been attacked,” said Gill, whose cousin was also killed in the attack.
The aftermath of the attack left the Harminder Sahib riddled with over three hundred bullets holes. The Sikh library with precious manuscripts and historical arefacts dating back hundreds of years from the Sikh Gurus were burnt to the ground. The Akal Takht, a white majestic building wrapped around the Harminder Sahib and the seat of Sikh temporal power, was reduced to rubble. The continuous reading of the Sikh holy scripture, the Sri Guru Granth Sahib, was interrupted for the first time in hundreds years as bullets flew outside.
In November that same year several thousand more Sikhs in the capital of New Delhi were raped, burned alive and killed in organized riots that lasted for days in the country following Prime Minister Indira Ghandi’s assassination.
“We saw the attack as a holocaust, a genocide. It was an attempt to severely affect the Sikh psyche in a negative way. It destroyed our cultural and historical artefacts, not to mention killing innocent people on a day known to attract large numbers of worshippers,” said Jagtaran Singh, President of the Sikh Students Association at the University of Toronto and a political science graduate.
Situated on the north-western border of India, the Golden Temple lies in the city of Amritsar and is in the centre of a complex of prayer halls, community kitchens, libraries and administrative offices. The construction was initially started by Guru Ram Das, the fourth Sikh Guru, and it was completed by Guru Arjan, the fifth Guru of the Sikhs in 1588. In 1830, Maharaja Ranjit Singh, then ruler of the Sikh empire, gold-plated the main prayer site hence giving it its nickname of the ‘Golden Temple’.
Today, much of the buildings destroyed in the attack have been restored after a concerted reconstruction effort that saw donations flow in from Sikh disapora communities from all over the world.
“Sikhs consider all places of worship to be equal. However, in terms of importance the Harminder Sahib has a very special place in Sikh’s hearts and minds, and the attack absolutely devastated every Sikh family around the world when they found out,” Singh said.
“Almost every Sikh family hangs a picture of the Harminder Sahib in their homes. It’s been a defining moment in every Sikh’s life, even those born after 1984,” says Gill.
Bullet holes can still be seen in the walls of the temple, some impossible to restore, others purposely left as a stark reminder of the blood shed decades ago.
On this 25th anniversary of the attacks, the emotions still run deep in the Sikh-Canadian community. Several candle-light vigils and commemoration events have been planned across the entire country from Vancouver, Toronto, to Montreal, including an event last night in Brampton that attracted up to 1,000 Sikh youth using spoken word, rap and hip-hop to commemorate the event.
“As a young Sikh, the 25th anniversary of these attack is a reminder for myself, and should be all for all Sikhs that we can’t forget this event, nor can we allow other genocides to happen to any community. It’s a part of our history and now our responsibility,” said Singh.
“The wounds are still fresh in the community. But we’ve been healing together. It took Jews a long time to come out and talk about their holocaust. For Sikhs, it’s going to take a while before we are able to relive the horror, but its something we can’t ever forget.”
Jasmeet Sidhu